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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Kylin  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stackEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#171  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comkylin.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comkylin.apache.org/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay IncGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release1984201520112010
Current releasev20, April 20233.1.0, July 20201.23, February 2021V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)noyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQL
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinLevelDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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