DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. KairosDB vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. KairosDB vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	0.67
Rank	#233	Overall
	#20	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

impala.apache.org

phoenix.apache.org

github.com/kairosdb/kairosdb

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

phoenix.apache.org

kairosdb.github.io

docs.nebula-graph.io

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Apache Software Foundation

Vesoft Inc.

Initial release

1984

2013

2014

2013

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

1.2.2, November 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

Strong typed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC

Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

simple password-based access control

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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