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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Graphite vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Graphite vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.65
Rank#85  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orggithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.postgresql.orgrocksdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designgraphite.readthedocs.iowww.postgresql.org/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wiki
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsChris DavisPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerFacebook, Inc.
Initial release1984201220061989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2013
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 202416.3, May 20248.11.4, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaPythonCC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Linux
Unix
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
Sockets
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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