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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. GeoSpock vs. KairosDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. GeoSpock vs. KairosDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGeoSpock  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
GeoSpock seems to be discontinued. Therefore it will be excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataSpatial and temporal data processing engine for extreme data scaleDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.62
Rank#239  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orggeospock.comgithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designkairosdb.github.iowww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsGeoSpockPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release1984201220131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 20242.0, September 20191.2.2, November 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
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Implementation languageJavaJava, JavascriptJavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyestemporal, categoricalnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingANSI SQL for query only (using Presto)noyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCGraphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedAutomatic shardingSharding infobased on Cassandrapartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users can be defined per tablesimple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidGeoSpockKairosDBPostgreSQL
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