DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. SQLite vs. Transbase vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. SQLite vs. Transbase vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#334	Overall
	#148	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.sqlite.org

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Transaction Software GmbH

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2012

2000

1987

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

Transbase 8.3, 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

commercial

free development license

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

server-less

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

dynamic column types

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

none

Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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