DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. SiteWhere

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. SiteWhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

M2M integration platform for persisting/querying time series data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.06
Rank	#383	Overall
	#43	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.h2database.com

github.com/google/leveldb

github.com/sitewhere/sitewhere

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

sitewhere1.sitewhere.io/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Thomas Mueller

Google

SiteWhere

Initial release

1984

2012

2005

2011

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Common Public Attribution License Version 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

predefined scheme

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

based on HBase

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

selectable replication factor

based on HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

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