DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. GBase vs. JanusGraph vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. GBase vs. JanusGraph vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	1.05
Rank	#186	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#125	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	1.36
Rank	#161	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.gbase.cn

janusgraph.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.janusgraph.org

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2012

2004

2017

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

0.6.3, February 2023

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, Java, Python

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
Java
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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