DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. dBASE vs. EXASOL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. dBASE vs. EXASOL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	9.70
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	1.76
Rank	#139	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.dbase.com

www.exasol.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

www.exasol.com/resources

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Asthon Tate

Exasol

Initial release

1984

2012

1979

2000

Current release

v20, April 2023

dBASE 2019, 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

dBase proprietary IDE

Java
Lua
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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