DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Dgraph vs. EXASOL vs. SwayDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Dgraph vs. EXASOL vs. SwayDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

An embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storage

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.99
Rank	#124	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#382	Overall
	#59	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

dgraph.io

www.exasol.com

swaydb.simer.au

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

dgraph.io/docs

www.exasol.com/resources

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Exasol

Simer Plaha

Initial release

1984

2012

2016

2000

2018

Current release

v20, April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GNU Affero GPL V3.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
Lua
Python
R

Java
Kotlin
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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