DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. KairosDB vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. KairosDB vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2

Object-relational database and reports server

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	0.67
Rank	#233	Overall
	#20	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.21
Rank	#325	Overall
	#144	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.citusdata.com

github.com/kairosdb/kairosdb

www.valentina-db.net

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.citusdata.com

kairosdb.github.io

valentina-db.com/docs/dokuwiki/v5/doku.php

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Paradigma Software

Initial release

1984

2012

2010

2013

1999

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.1, December 2018

1.2.2, November 2018

5.7.5

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API

ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

simple password-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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