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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score74.45
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.postgresql.orgwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
Developer4D, IncAmazonPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release198420121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current releasev20, April 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions
Triggersyesyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon DynamoDBPostgreSQLSnowflake
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