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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodblearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
Developer4D, IncAmazonMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release1984201220141989
Current releasev20, April 2023SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersyesyes infoby integration with AWS LambdaJavaScriptyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)with Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon DynamoDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft SQL Server
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