DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon CloudSearch vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon CloudSearch vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A hosted search engine service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.85
Rank	#137	Overall
	#12	Search engines

Score	0.51
Rank	#255	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/cloudsearch

github.com/spotify/heroic

github.com/google/leveldb

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/cloudsearch

spotify.github.io/heroic

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon

Spotify

Google

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2012

2014

2011

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all search fields are automatically indexed

yes

via Elasticsearch

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

automatic partitioning across Amazon Search Instance as required

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

managed transparently by AWS

yes

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

authentication via encrypted signatures

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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3 August 2015, Matthias Gelbmann

The DB-Engines ranking includes now search engines
4 February 2013, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

Amazon CloudSearch – Start Searching in One Hour for Less Than $100 / Month | Amazon Web Services
12 April 2012, AWS Blog

Amazon CloudSearch – Even Better Searching for Less Than $100/Month | Amazon Web Services
24 March 2014, AWS Blog

AWS, Microsoft and Google should retire these cloud services
2 June 2020, TechTarget

Searching CloudTrail Logs Easily with Amazon CloudSearch | AWS Startups Blog
21 October 2014, AWS Blog

Building a PLG motion on top of usage-based pricing
13 March 2023, TechCrunch

provided by Google News

LevelDB in Ruby — SitePoint
22 October 2014, SitePoint

Pliops unveils XDP-Rocks for RocksDB – Blocks and Files
19 October 2022, Blocks & Files

Microsoft Teams stores auth tokens as cleartext in Windows, Linux, Macs
14 September 2022, BleepingComputer

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RocksDB - Facebook's Database Now Open Source
21 November 2013, iProgrammer

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