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DBMS > 4D vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.57
Rank#250  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­leveldbgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comspotify.github.io/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
Developer4D, IncSpotifyGoogle8Kdata
Initial release1984201420112016
Current releasev20, April 20231.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHeroicLevelDBToroDB
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