DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon CloudSearch vs. ClickHouse vs. KairosDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon CloudSearch vs. ClickHouse vs. KairosDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A hosted search engine service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Primary database model

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.85
Rank	#137	Overall
	#12	Search engines

Score	16.34
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	0.62
Rank	#239	Overall
	#20	Time Series DBMS

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/cloudsearch

clickhouse.com

github.com/kairosdb/kairosdb

www.postgresql.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/cloudsearch

clickhouse.com/docs

kairosdb.github.io

www.postgresql.org/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon

Clickhouse Inc.

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Initial release

1984

2012

2016

2013

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

Current release

v20, April 2023

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

1.2.2, November 2018

16.3, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

all search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

automatic partitioning across Amazon Search Instance as required

key based and custom

Sharding

based on Cassandra

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

managed transparently by AWS

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

authentication via encrypted signatures

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

simple password-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

3rd parties

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More resources

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Conferences, events and webinars

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Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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