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DBMS > Spark SQL vs. Teradata vs. TimescaleDB vs. Transbase vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Spark SQL vs. Teradata vs. TimescaleDB vs. Transbase vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score45.33
Rank#21  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#341  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitespark.apache.org/­sqlwww.teradata.comwww.timescale.comwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.teradata.comdocs.timescale.comwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software FoundationTeradataTimescaleTransaction Software GmbHOpenLink Software
Initial release20141984201719871998
Current release3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 20192.15.0, May 2024Transbase 8.3, 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree development licenseOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageScalaCC and C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Linux
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnoyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash indexyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL 2016 + extensionsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
R
Scala
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in paralleluser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding infoHashingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infoSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Spark SQLTeradataTimescaleDBTransbaseVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Spark SQLTeradataTimescaleDBTransbaseVirtuoso
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