DBMS > SQLite vs. Teradata vs. TerminusDB vs. VelocityDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison SQLite vs. Teradata vs. TerminusDB vs. VelocityDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

A hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store
RDF store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	45.33
Rank	#21	Overall
	#15	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#358	Overall
	#36	Graph DBMS
	#16	Object oriented DBMS

Score	4.26
Rank	#78	Overall
	#13	Document stores
	#4	Graph DBMS
	#2	Native XML DBMS
	#42	Relational DBMS
	#2	RDF stores
	#9	Search engines

Website

virtuoso.openlinksw.com

Technical documentation

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

docs.teradata.com

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

docs.openlinksw.com/virtuoso

Developer

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Teradata

DataChemist Ltd.

VelocityDB Inc

OpenLink Software

Initial release

2000

1984

2018

2011

1998

Current release

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019

11.0.0, January 2023

7.x

7.2.11, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Public Domain

commercial

Open Source

GPL V3

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

server-less

hosted
Linux

Linux

Any that supports .NET

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

dynamic column types

yes

SQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Join-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

SQL 2016 + extensions

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

yes

SQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

.Net

ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby

JavaScript
Python

.Net

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

UDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel

yes

Virtuoso PL

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Hashing

Graph Partitioning

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Journaling Streams

Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Based on Windows Authentication

Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantages

Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenarios

Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customers

Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metrics

Largest installed-base of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
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Licensing and pricing models

Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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