DBMS > QuestDB vs. Redis vs. RethinkDB vs. SingleStore vs. Virtuoso
System Properties Comparison QuestDB vs. Redis vs. RethinkDB vs. SingleStore vs. Virtuoso
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| Name | QuestDB Xexclude from comparison | Redis Xexclude from comparison | RethinkDB Xexclude from comparison | SingleStore  former name was MemSQL Xexclude from comparison | Virtuoso Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | A high performance open source SQL database for time series data | Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies. | DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime. | MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type | Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Time Series DBMS | Key-value store Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence | Document store | Relational DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS Native XML DBMS Relational DBMS RDF store Search engine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Relational DBMS | Document store with RedisJSON Graph DBMS with RedisGraphSpatial DBMS Search engine with RediSearchTime Series DBMS with RedisTimeSeriesVector DBMS | Spatial DBMS | Document store Spatial DBMS Time Series DBMS Vector DBMS | Spatial DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | questdb.io | redis.com redis.io | rethinkdb.com | www.singlestore.com | virtuoso.openlinksw.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | questdb.io/docs | docs.redis.com/latest/index.html redis.io/docs | rethinkdb.com/docs | docs.singlestore.com | docs.openlinksw.com/virtuoso | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | QuestDB Technology Inc | Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo Development sponsored by Redis Inc. | The Linux Foundation since July 2017 | SingleStore Inc. | OpenLink Software | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2014 | 2009 | 2009 | 2013 | 1998 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 7.2.5, May 2024 | 2.4.1, August 2020 | 8.5, January 2024 | 7.2.11, September 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache 2.0 | Open Source source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise | Open Source Apache Version 2 | commercial free developer edition available | Open Source GPLv2, extended commercial license available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust | C | C++ | C++, Go | C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux macOS Windows | BSD Linux OS X Windows ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. | Linux OS X Windows | Linux 64 bit version required | AIX FreeBSD HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol | schema-free | schema-free | yes | yes SQL - Standard relational schema RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O) XML - DTD, XML Schema DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | partial Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes | yes string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | no | yes with RediSearch module | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SQL with time-series extensions | with RediSQL module | no | yes but no triggers and foreign keys | yes SQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | HTTP REST InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP) JDBC PostgreSQL wire protocol | proprietary protocol RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol | Cluster Management API as HTTP Rest and CLI HTTP API JDBC MongoDB API ODBC | ADO.NET GeoSPARQL HTTP API JDBC Jena RDF API ODBC OLE DB RDF4J API RESTful HTTP API Sesame REST HTTP Protocol SOAP webservices SPARQL 1.1 WebDAV XPath XQuery XSLT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C PostgreSQL driver C++ Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python Rust over HTTP | C C# C++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Swift Tcl Visual Basic | C community-supported driver C# community-supported driverC++ community-supported driverClojure community-supported driverDart community-supported driverErlang community-supported driverGo community-supported driverHaskell community-supported driverJava official driverJavaScript (Node.js) official driverLisp community-supported driverLua community-supported driverObjective-C community-supported driverPerl community-supported driverPHP community-supported driverPython official driverRuby official driverScala community-supported driver | Bash C C# Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | .Net C C# C++ Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby Visual Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github) | yes | yes Virtuoso PL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears | Client-side triggers through changefeeds | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | horizontal partitioning (by timestamps) | Sharding Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding | Sharding range based | Sharding hash partitioning | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Source-replica replication with eventual consistency | Multi-source replication with Redis Enterprise Pack Source-replica replication Chained replication is supported | Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes | Chain, star, and bi-directional replication Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | through RedisGears | yes | no can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases Strong consistency with Redis Raft Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID for single-table writes | Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking | Atomic single-document operations | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes Data access is serialized by the server | yes MVCC based | yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs | yes | yes All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes through memory mapped files | yes | no | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption Password-based authentication | yes users and table-level permissions | Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles | Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| QuestDB | Redis | RethinkDB | SingleStore former name was MemSQL | Virtuoso | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| News | Time-series and analytical databases walk into a bar Monitoring QuestDB with simple curl commands QuestDB and Raspberry Pi 5 benchmark, a pocket-sized powerhouse The future of fast databases: Lessons from a decade of QuestDB QuestDB 8.1.2 - Tabs & Balance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| QuestDB | Redis | RethinkDB | SingleStore former name was MemSQL | Virtuoso | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2018 MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking MongoDB is the DBMS of the year, defending the title from last year | Meet some database management systems you are likely to hear more about in the future | Turbocharge Your Application Development Using WebAssembly With SingleStoreDB Cloud-Based Analytics With SingleStoreDB SingleStore: The Increasing Momentum of Multi-Model Database Systems | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recent citations in the news | QuestDB snares $12M Series A with hosted version coming soon SQL Extensions for Time-Series Data in QuestDB QuestDB nabs $2.3M seed to build open source time series database MindsDB Platform Now Features Over 70 Integrations The Landscape of Timeseries Databases | by Kovid Rathee provided by Google News | Majority of Redis users considering alternatives after less permissive licensing move Redis debuts new data integration and AI features for its database Redis Improves Performance of Vector Semantic Search with Multi-Threaded Query Engine After changing its license, Redis drops its biggest release yet Flight to Valkey appears to be response to removal of Redis’ open source license provided by Google News | An introduction to building realtime apps with RethinkDB How to Use RethinkDB with Node.js Applications Stripe acquires team behind NoSQL database startup RethinkDB Installing and Using RethinkDB on Ubuntu Adapting RethinkDB For The Evented Web With Pusher provided by Google News | Third time was the charm for SingleStore in the cloud, CEO says SingleStore acquires BryteFlow to boost data ingestion capabilities SingleStore's BryteFlow acquisition targets data integration Achieve near real-time analytics on Amazon DynamoDB with SingleStore SingleStore acquires BryteFlow to better digest ERP and CRM data provided by Google News | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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