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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. TypeDB vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. TypeDB vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilitiesA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Multivalue DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#97  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.postgresql.orgtypedb.comwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidatagithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docstypedb.com/­docsdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidatawww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVaticleRocket SoftwareJuxt Ltd.
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201619852019
Current release16.2, February 20242.26.3, January 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJavaCClojure
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesoptionalyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyesno
Triggersyesnoyes infoU2 Basicno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infoby using Cassandranonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoby using CassandraSource-replica replicationyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeepernono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infosubstituted by the relationship featurenono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoconfigurableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progressAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLTypeDB infoformerly named GraknUniData,UniVerseXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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3rd partiesInstaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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More resources
PostgreSQLTypeDB infoformerly named GraknUniData,UniVerseXTDB infoformerly named Crux
DB-Engines blog posts

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Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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