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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB vs. TypeDB vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB vs. TypeDB vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­torodb/­servertypedb.comvitess.io
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docstypedb.com/­docsvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer8KdataVaticleThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201620162013
Current release16.3, May 20242.26.3, January 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaJavaGo
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingSharding infoby using CassandraSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoby using CassandraMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeperno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infosubstituted by the relationship featureyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progressUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLToroDBTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVitess
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
PostgreSQLToroDBTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVitess
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