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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph vs. Titan vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph vs. Titan vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APITitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgwww.tigergraph.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlingithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titanwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikivertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAurelius, owned by DataStaxOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2017200920122005
Current release16.3, May 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++JavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (GSQL)nonoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop 3Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
Groovy
Java
Clojure
Java
Python
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesnoyesyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnonoyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneyes infovia pluggable storage backendshorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyesMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptionalyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serverfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLTigerGraphTinkerGraphTitanVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
PostgreSQLTigerGraphTinkerGraphTitanVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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