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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. TDengine vs. VoltDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. TDengine vs. VoltDB vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTime Series DBMS and big data platformDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memoryAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.60
Rank#107  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
www.voltdb.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.tdengine.comdocs.voltdb.comweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTDEngine, previously Taos DataVoltDB Inc.Weaviate B.V.
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201920102019
Current release16.2, February 20243.0, August 202211.3, April 20221.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions availableOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro EditionsOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCCJava, C++Go
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesyesyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applicationsyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99GraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJavano
Triggersyesyes, via alarm monitoringnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supportedno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored proceduresno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the serveryes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesUsers and roles with access to stored proceduresAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLTDengineVoltDBWeaviate
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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More resources
PostgreSQLTDengineVoltDBWeaviate
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

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Weaviate, an ANN Database with CRUD support
2 February 2021,  Etienne Dilocker, SeMI Technologies (sponsor) 

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Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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