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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake vs. Tarantool vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake vs. Tarantool vs. TDengine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extensionRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#143  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#65  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgwww.snowflake.comwww.tarantool.iogithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmlwww.tarantool.io/­en/­docdocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSnowflake Computing Inc.VKTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201420082019
Current release16.3, May 20242.10.0, May 20223.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool EnterpriseOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCC and C++C
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesFull-featured ANSI SQL supportStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Open binary protocolJDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsLua, C and SQL stored proceduresno
Triggersyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, write ahead loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
yes
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLSnowflakeTarantoolTDengine
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
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DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

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3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

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3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

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Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021,  Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor) 

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