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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. ScyllaDB vs. SurrealDB vs. Ultipa

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. ScyllaDB vs. SurrealDB vs. Ultipa

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonUltipa  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column storeA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSHigh performance Graph DBMS supporting HTAP high availability cluster deployment
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Wide column storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.75
Rank#68  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#335  Overall
#31  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgwww.scylladb.comsurrealdb.comwww.ultipa.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.scylladb.comsurrealdb.com/­docswww.ultipa.com/­document
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerScyllaDBSurrealDB LtdUltipa
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201520222019
Current release16.3, May 2024ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license availableOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++Rust
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infocluster global secondary indices
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes, Lua
Triggersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possible
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoin-memory tables
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per objectyes, based on authentication and database rules
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLScyllaDBSurrealDBUltipa
Specific characteristicsScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
» more
Typical application scenariosScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more
Key customersDiscord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more
Market metricsScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesRedgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
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Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
PostgreSQLScyllaDBSurrealDBUltipa
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Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024 (finished)

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