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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. SQL.JS vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. SQL.JS vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLPort of SQLite to JavaScriptEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.57
Rank#248  Overall
#114  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.12
Rank#344  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#191  Overall
#89  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgsql.js.orgwww.stardog.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlinvitess.io
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docssql.js.org/­documentation/­index.htmldocs.stardog.comvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by othersStardog-UnionThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2012201020092013
Current release16.2, February 20247.3.0, May 202015.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJavaScriptJavaJavaGo
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
macOS
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Servernoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JavaScript APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
TinkerPop 3ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Groovy
Java
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanoyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesnoyes infovia event handlersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication in HA-ClusternoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusternoneEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyesoptionalyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and rolesnoUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

More information provided by the system vendor

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Related products and services
3rd partiesAiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
PostgreSQLSQL.JSStardogTinkerGraphVitess
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