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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB vs. TypeDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB vs. TypeDB vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgquestdb.iotypedb.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsquestdb.io/­docstypedb.com/­docsweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQuestDB Technology IncVaticleWeaviate B.V.
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201420162019
Current release16.2, February 20242.26.3, January 20241.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustJavaGo
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL with time-series extensionsnoGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Sharding infoby using CassandraSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandrayes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeperno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infosubstituted by the relationship featureno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID for single-table writesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progressAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLQuestDBTypeDB infoformerly named GraknWeaviate
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
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All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
PostgreSQLQuestDBTypeDB infoformerly named GraknWeaviate
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

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Weaviate, an ANN Database with CRUD support
2 February 2021,  Etienne Dilocker, SeMI Technologies (sponsor) 

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Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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