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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. SpaceTime vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. SpaceTime vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSSpatial DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.56
Rank#49  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score1.93
Rank#121  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.postgresql.orgprometheus.iowww.mireo.com/­spacetimewww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsprometheus.io/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerMireoStardog-Union
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201520202010
Current release16.4, August 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCGoC++Java
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport of XML data possiblenono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoA subset of ANSI SQL is implementedYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesnonoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingFixed-grid hypercubesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoby FederationReal-time block device replication (DRBD)Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyesAccess rights for users and roles

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Related products and services
3rd partiesCYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
PostgreSQLPrometheusSpaceTimeStardog
DB-Engines blog posts

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Conferences, events and webinars

PASS Data Community Summit
Seattle, Washington, 4-8 November 2024

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