DBMS > Oracle vs. Spark SQL vs. StarRocks vs. TinkerGraph vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Oracle vs. Spark SQL vs. StarRocks vs. TinkerGraph vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used RDBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

An open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics

Forked from Apache Doris

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	0.93
Rank	#198	Overall
	#93	Relational DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#345	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#334	Overall
	#148	Relational DBMS

Website

www.oracle.com/database

spark.apache.org/sql

www.starrocks.io

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

Technical documentation

docs.oracle.com/en/database

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

docs.starrocks.io/en-us/latest/introduction/StarRocks_intro

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

Developer

Oracle

Apache Software Foundation

The Linux Foundation

since Feb 2023

Transaction Software GmbH

Initial release

1980

2014

2020

2009

1987

Current release

23c, September 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

3.3, June 2024

Transbase 8.3, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free development license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Scala

C++, Java

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
MySQL protocol

TinkerPop 3

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Java
Python
R
Scala

Java

Groovy
Java

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

horizontal partitioning (by range and hash)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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