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DBMS > OpenSearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. TiDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison OpenSearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. TiDB vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache LuceneWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.36
Rank#37  Overall
#4  Search engines
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
www.postgresql.orgpingcap.comtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationopensearch.org/­docs/­latestwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stabletrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperAmazon Web ServicesPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerPingCAP, Inc.Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20211989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20162014
Current release2.5.0, January 202316.3, May 20248.1.0, May 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
  • Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaCGo, RustC++, Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by key range)Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infowith TiSpark Connectoryes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infofull support since version 6.6yes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
OpenSearchPostgreSQLTiDBTrafodion
Specific characteristicsOpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesDistributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosThe OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsThe OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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Related products and services
3rd partiesAiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
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More resources
OpenSearchPostgreSQLTiDBTrafodion
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