DBMS > NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis vs. Tarantool vs. XTDB
System Properties Comparison NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis vs. Tarantool vs. XTDB
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| Name | NuoDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Redis Xexclude from comparison | Tarantool Xexclude from comparison | XTDB  formerly named Crux Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies. | In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications | A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Key-value store Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence | Document store Key-value store Relational DBMS | Document store | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Document store with RedisJSON Graph DBMS with RedisGraphSpatial DBMS Search engine with RediSearchTime Series DBMS with RedisTimeSeriesVector DBMS | Spatial DBMS with Tarantool/GIS extension | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database | www.postgresql.org | redis.com redis.io | www.tarantool.io | github.com/xtdb/xtdb www.xtdb.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | doc.nuodb.com | www.postgresql.org/docs | docs.redis.com/latest/index.html redis.io/docs | www.tarantool.io/en/doc | www.xtdb.com/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Dassault Systèmes originally NuoDB, Inc. | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo Development sponsored by Redis Inc. | VK | Juxt Ltd. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2013 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2009 | 2008 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 16.3, May 2024 | 7.2.5, May 2024 | 2.10.0, May 2022 | 1.19, September 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial limited edition free | Open Source BSD | Open Source source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise | Open Source BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise | Open Source MIT License | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C++ | C | C | C and C++ | Clojure | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | hosted Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer Linux OS X Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | BSD Linux OS X Windows ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. | BSD Linux macOS | All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM Linux | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | yes | schema-free | Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns | schema-free | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | partial Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes | string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime | yes, extensible-data-notation format | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes with RediSearch module | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes | yes standard with numerous extensions | with RediSQL module | Full-featured ANSI SQL support | limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | proprietary protocol RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol | Open binary protocol | HTTP REST JDBC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .Net C C++ Go Java JavaScript JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C# C++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Swift Tcl Visual Basic | C C# C++ Erlang Go Java JavaScript Lua Perl PHP Python Rust | Clojure Java | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | Java, SQL | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github) | Lua, C and SQL stored procedures | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes | publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears | yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding | Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime. | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes Managed transparently by NuoDB | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Multi-source replication with Redis Enterprise Pack Source-replica replication Chained replication is supported | Asynchronous replication with multi-master option Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star) Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft) | yes, each node contains all data | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | through RedisGears | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases Strong consistency with Redis Raft Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active | Casual consistency across sharding partitions Eventual consistency within replicaset partition when using asyncronous replicationImmediate Consistency within single instance Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition when using Raft | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | yes | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID tunable commit protocol | ACID | Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking | ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes MVCC | yes | yes Data access is serialized by the server | yes, cooperative multitasking | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs | yes, write ahead logging | yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes Temporary table | no | yes | yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption Password-based authentication | Access Control Lists Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise Password based authentication Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise Users and Roles | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NuoDB | PostgreSQL | Redis | Tarantool | XTDB formerly named Crux | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Recent citations in the news | Dassault Systèmes Announces the Acquisition of NuoDB, a Cloud-Native Distributed SQL Database Leader Deploy the NuoDB Database in Docker Containers NuoDB set to improve distributed SQL performance Big Data Product Watch 1/31/17: No-Cost NuoDB, GPU Analytics, Cloud Object Storage, More -- ADTmag Dassault Systèmes to acquire Cambridge database startup - Boston Business Journal provided by Google News | Enterprise DB begins rolling AI features into PostgreSQL Deep PostgreSQL Thoughts: Valuing Currency EDB unveils EDB Postgres AI Nutanix partners with EDB to fit database service for AI – Blocks and Files Addressing PostgreSQL Vulnerabilities in Ubuntu provided by Google News | RESP-ful Replacements: Redis Alternatives with RESP Compatibility | by Nythranix | MCINext | May, 2024 Redis acquires storage engine startup Speedb to enhance its open-source database AWS announces vector search for Amazon MemoryDB for Redis (Preview) Boosting throughput for cloud databases Redis expands data management capabilities with Speedb acquisition – Blocks and Files provided by Google News | Deploying Tarantool Cartridge applications with zero effort (Part 1) VShard — horizontal scaling in Tarantool Accelerating PHP connectors for Tarantool using Async, Swoole, and Parallel provided by Google News | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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