DBMS > NuoDB vs. Oracle vs. RDFox vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison NuoDB vs. Oracle vs. RDFox vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Widely used RDBMS

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.23
Rank	#308	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

www.oracle.com/database

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

doc.nuodb.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Oracle

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2013

1980

2017

2010

Current release

23c, September 2023

6.0, Septermber 2022

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

RDF schemas

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
Java

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

replication via a shared file system

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Roles, resources, and access types

Access rights for users and roles

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