DBMS > mSQL vs. Neo4j vs. SQLite vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison mSQL vs. Neo4j vs. SQLite vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	44.46
Rank	#23	Overall
	#1	Graph DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

neo4j.com

www.sqlite.org

trino.io

Technical documentation

neo4j.com/docs

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Hughes Technologies

Neo4j, Inc.

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

1994

2007

2000

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

4.4, October 2021

5.19, April 2024

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

GPL version3, commercial licenses available

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java, Scala

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux

Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows

server-less

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM

Object Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

User defined Procedures and Functions

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes using Neo4j Fabric

none

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

available in in Enterprise Version only

none

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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58: Understanding your users with Trino and Mitzu
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.