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DBMS > Neo4j vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. OrientDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Neo4j vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. OrientDB vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used in-process key-value storeMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score1.47
Rank#157  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websiteneo4j.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlorientdb.orgwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationneo4j.com/­docsdoc.nuodb.comdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20072013199420102010
Current release5.20, May 202418.1.40, May 20203.2.29, March 202411.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)JavaJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeschema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like query language, no joinsyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsJava, SQLnoJava, JavascriptJava
Triggersyes infovia event handleryesyes infoonly for the SQL APIHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j Fabricdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnoyes inforelationship in graphsno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACIDACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableUsers and roles with access to stored procedures
More information provided by the system vendor
Neo4jNuoDBOracle Berkeley DBOrientDBVoltDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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4 June 2024

RDF vs. Property Graphs: Choosing the Right Approach for Implementing a Knowledge Graph
4 June 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Importing Data, NODES, GenAI, Going Meta and more
1 June 2024

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More resources
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