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DBMS > Neo4j vs. Netezza vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Neo4j vs. Netezza vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonNetezza infoAlso called PureData System for Analytics by IBM  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsData warehouse and analytics appliance part of IBM PureSystemsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score9.06
Rank#46  Overall
#29  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteneo4j.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­netezzawww.postgresql.orgwww.stardog.comvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationneo4j.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.stardog.comvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.IBMPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerStardog-UnionVelocityDB Inc
Initial release200720001989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20102011
Current release5.20, May 202416.3, May 20247.3.0, May 20207.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageJava, ScalaCJavaC#
Server operating systemsLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux infoincluded in applianceFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Any that supports .NET
Data schemeschema-free and schema-optionalyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
.Net
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Fortran
Java
Lua
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersyes infovia event handlernoyesyes infovia event handlersCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j FabricShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesBased on Windows Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
Neo4jNetezza infoAlso called PureData System for Analytics by IBMPostgreSQLStardogVelocityDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Neo4jNetezza infoAlso called PureData System for Analytics by IBMPostgreSQLStardogVelocityDB
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