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DBMS > etcd vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle Coherence vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle Coherence vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Coherence  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSOracles in-memory data grid solutionVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeGraph DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#130  Overall
#22  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.oracle.com/­java/­coherencevirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
docs.nebula-graph.iodocs.oracle.com/­en/­middleware/­standalone/­coherencedocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperVesoft Inc.OracleOpenLink Software
Initial release201920071998
Current release3.4, August 201914.1, August 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++JavaC
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
LinuxAll OS with a Java VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeStrong typed schemaschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.noyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languagenoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C++
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes, watching key changesyes infoLive Eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Causal Clustering using Raft protocolyes, with selectable consistency levelChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDconfigurableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByes infooptionallyyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole-based access controlauthentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authenticationFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
etcdNebulaGraphOracle CoherenceVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
etcdNebulaGraphOracle CoherenceVirtuoso
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