DBMS > MySQL vs. Postgres-XL vs. Redis vs. RethinkDB vs. YugabyteDB
System Properties Comparison MySQL vs. Postgres-XL vs. Redis vs. RethinkDB vs. YugabyteDB
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| Name | MySQL Xexclude from comparison | Postgres-XL Xexclude from comparison | Redis Xexclude from comparison | RethinkDB Xexclude from comparison | YugabyteDB Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Widely used open source RDBMS | Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features | Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments  Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies. | DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime. | High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS Key/Value like access via memcached API | Relational DBMS | Key-value store Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence | Document store | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Spatial DBMS | Document store Spatial DBMS | Document store with RedisJSON Graph DBMS with RedisGraphSpatial DBMS Search engine with RediSearchTime Series DBMS with RedisTimeSeriesVector DBMS | Spatial DBMS | Document store Wide column store | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.mysql.com | www.postgres-xl.org | redis.com redis.io | rethinkdb.com | www.yugabyte.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | dev.mysql.com/doc | www.postgres-xl.org/documentation | docs.redis.com/latest/index.html redis.io/docs | rethinkdb.com/docs | docs.yugabyte.com github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Oracle since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun | Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo Development sponsored by Redis Inc. | The Linux Foundation since July 2017 | Yugabyte Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 1995 | 2014 since 2012, originally named StormDB | 2009 | 2009 | 2017 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 8.4.0, April 2024 | 10 R1, October 2018 | 7.2.4, January 2024 | 2.4.1, August 2020 | 2.19, September 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available | Open Source Mozilla public license | Open Source source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise | Open Source Apache Version 2 | Open Source Apache 2.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup. | Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs. | YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | C and C++ | C | C | C++ | C and C++ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | FreeBSD Linux OS X Solaris Windows | Linux macOS | BSD Linux OS X Windows ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. | Linux OS X Windows | Linux OS X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | yes | schema-free | schema-free | depending on used data model | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | partial Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes | yes string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | yes XML type, but no XML query functionality | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes with RediSearch module | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes with proprietary extensions | yes distributed, parallel query execution | with RediSQL module | no | yes, PostgreSQL compatible | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | proprietary protocol RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol | JDBC YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | Ada C C# C++ D Delphi Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | .Net C C++ Delphi Erlang Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C# C++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Swift Tcl Visual Basic | C community-supported driver C# community-supported driverC++ community-supported driverClojure community-supported driverDart community-supported driverErlang community-supported driverGo community-supported driverHaskell community-supported driverJava official driverJavaScript (Node.js) official driverLisp community-supported driverLua community-supported driverObjective-C community-supported driverPerl community-supported driverPHP community-supported driverPython official driverRuby official driverScala community-supported driver | C C# C++ Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby Rust Scala | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes proprietary syntax | user defined functions | Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github) | yes sql, plpgsql, C | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes | publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears | Client-side triggers through changefeeds | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric | horizontal partitioning | Sharding Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding | Sharding range based | Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Multi-source replication with Redis Enterprise Pack Source-replica replication Chained replication is supported | Source-replica replication | Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | through RedisGears | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases Strong consistency with Redis Raft Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active | Immediate Consistency | Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes not for MyISAM storage engine | yes | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID not for MyISAM storage engine | ACID MVCC | Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking | Atomic single-document operations | Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes table locks or row locks depending on storage engine | yes | yes Data access is serialized by the server | yes MVCC based | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs | yes | yes based on RocksDB | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | no | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Users with fine-grained authorization concept no user groups or roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption Password-based authentication | yes users and table-level permissions | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MySQL | Postgres-XL | Redis | RethinkDB | YugabyteDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS.... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | 2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | Apache 2.0 license for the database » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MySQL | Postgres-XL | Redis | RethinkDB | YugabyteDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019 MariaDB strengthens its position in the open source RDBMS market The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2018 MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking MongoDB is the DBMS of the year, defending the title from last year | Meet some database management systems you are likely to hear more about in the future | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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