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DBMS > MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen vs. Trino vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen vs. Trino vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQLA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1029.49
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score5.28
Rank#61  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Graph DBMS
#21  Object oriented DBMS
Websitewww.mysql.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmltrino.iovelocitydb.com
Technical documentationdev.mysql.com/­docwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.htmltrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
velocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Trino Software FoundationVelocityDB Inc
Initial release19951989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19982012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL2011
Current release9.0.0, July 202416.4, August 2024Release 22.17.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC and C++CJavaC#
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Any that supports .NET
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesdepending on connected data-sourceyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
.Net
Supported programming languagesAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PL/SQLyes, depending on connected data-sourceno
TriggersyesyesnonoCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonedepending on connected data-sourceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
depending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationdepending on connected data-sourceImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACIDdepending on connected data-sourceACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsdepending on connected data-sourceyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSQL standard access controlBased on Windows Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
MySQLPostgreSQLTimesTenTrinoVelocityDB
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More resources
MySQLPostgreSQLTimesTenTrinoVelocityDB
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PASS Data Community Summit
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