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DBMS > Milvus vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. ScyllaDB

System Properties Comparison Milvus vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. ScyllaDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store
Primary database modelVector DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.75
Rank#68  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Websitemilvus.iogithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.postgresql.orgwww.scylladb.com
Technical documentationmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.nebula-graph.iowww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.scylladb.com
DeveloperVesoft Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerScyllaDB
Initial release201920191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2015
Current release2.3.4, January 202416.3, May 2024ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++, GoC++CC++
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeStrong typed schemayesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateVector, Numeric and Stringyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes infocluster global secondary indices
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIBrowser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes, Lua
Triggersnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possible
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes infoin-memory tables
User concepts infoAccess controlRole based access control and fine grained access rightsRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per object
More information provided by the system vendor
MilvusNebulaGraphPostgreSQLScyllaDB
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more

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