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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake vs. Teradata Aster vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake vs. Teradata Aster vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.snowflake.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.timescale.com
DeveloperMicrosoftSnowflake Computing Inc.TeradataTimescale
Initial release1989201420052017
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20222.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
hostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyes infoin Aster File Storeyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functionsR packagesuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyesShardingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyesyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerSnowflakeTeradata AsterTimescaleDB
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