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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. TDengine vs. TerarkDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. TDengine vs. TerarkDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environmentsTime Series DBMS and big data platformA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDBVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.60
Rank#107  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.htmlgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
github.com/­bytedance/­terarkdbvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywheredocs.tdengine.combytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKcdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperMicrosoftSAP infoformerly SybaseTDEngine, previously Taos DataByteDance, originally TerarkOpenLink Software
Initial release19891992201920161998
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202217, July 20153.0, August 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions availablecommercial inforestricted open source version availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applicationsnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Java API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
C++
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perlnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyes, via alarm monitoringnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnoneShardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroringyesnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft SQL ServerSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server AnywhereTDengineTerarkDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server AnywhereTDengineTerarkDBVirtuoso
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