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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. RavenDB vs. Redis vs. TerarkDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. RavenDB vs. Redis vs. TerarkDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonRedis  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabasePopular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments infoRedis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDBVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value store infoMultiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistenceKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infowith RedisJSON
Graph DBMS infowith RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infowith RediSearch
Time Series DBMS infowith RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score157.80
Rank#6  Overall
#1  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverravendb.netredis.com
redis.io
github.com/­bytedance/­terarkdbvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverravendb.net/­docsdocs.redis.com/­latest/­index.html
redis.io/­docs
bytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKcdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperMicrosoftHibernating RhinosRedis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo infoDevelopment sponsored by Redis Inc.ByteDance, originally TerarkOpenLink Software
Initial release19892010200920161998
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20225.4, July 20227.2.4, January 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infosource-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprisecommercial inforestricted open source version availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.
Implementation languageC++C#CC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows infoported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnopartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infowith RediSearch modulenoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language (RQL)with RediSQL modulenoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocolC++ API
Java API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
C++
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavayesLua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)noyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyespublish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGearsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingSharding infoAutomatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual shardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication infowith Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication infoChained replication is supported
noneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesthrough RedisGearsnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Eventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableAtomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic lockingnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the serveryesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseAccess Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/­docs/­management/­security/­acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/­docs/­management/­security/­encryption
Password-based authentication
noFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft SQL ServerRavenDBRedisTerarkDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.
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Redisson PRO: The ultra-fast Redis Java Client.
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Navicat for Redis: the award-winning Redis management tool with an intuitive and powerful graphical interface.
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CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerRavenDBRedisTerarkDBVirtuoso
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