DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J vs. RDFox vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J vs. RDFox vs. RocksDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

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Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.23
Rank	#308	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

rdf4j.org

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

1989

2004

2017

2013

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

6.0, Septermber 2022

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

RDF schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java
PHP
Python

C
Java

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

replication via a shared file system

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Roles, resources, and access types

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