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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. openGemini vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tibero vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. openGemini vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tibero vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonopenGemini  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSAn open source distributed Time Series DBMS with high concurrency, high performance, and high scalabilityWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from OracleTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.01
Rank#375  Overall
#39  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.78
Rank#140  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.opengemini.org
github.com/­openGemini
www.postgresql.orgus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tiberotrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.opengemini.org/­guidewww.postgresql.org/­docstechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.htmltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperMicrosoftHuawei and openGemini communityPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTmaxSoftApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release198920221989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20032014
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20221.1, July 202316.3, May 20246, April 20152.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoCC and AssemblerC++, Java
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesInteger, Float, Boolean, Stringyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP RESTADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Persistent Stored Procedure (PSM)Java Stored Procedures
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or compositeSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono infoplanned for next versionno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAdministrators and common users accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServeropenGeminiPostgreSQLTiberoTrafodion
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