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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. RisingWave vs. Rockset

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. RisingWave vs. Rockset

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRisingWave  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQLA scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.58
Rank#242  Overall
#111  Relational DBMS
Score0.79
Rank#211  Overall
#35  Document stores
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.orgwww.risingwave.com/­databaserockset.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.risingwave.com/­docs/­current/­introdocs.rockset.com
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRisingWave LabsRockset
Initial release19891989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20222019
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202216.3, May 20241.2, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CRustC++
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesStandard SQL-types and JSONdynamic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono infoingestion from XML files supported
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesRead-only SQL queries, including JOINs
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
HTTP REST
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.UDFs in Python or Javano
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashAutomatic sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and RolesAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console

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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerPostgreSQLRisingWaveRockset
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