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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL vs. SpaceTime vs. Sphinx

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL vs. SpaceTime vs. Sphinx

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.Open source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databases
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Spatial DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score5.98
Rank#56  Overall
#5  Search engines
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgres-xl.orgwww.postgresql.orgwww.mireo.com/­spacetimesphinxsearch.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docssphinxsearch.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerMireoSphinx Technologies Inc.
Initial release19892014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20202001
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202210 R1, October 201816.3, May 20243.5.1, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CCC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
Linux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes infofull-text index on all search fields
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infostandard with numerous extensionsA subset of ANSI SQL is implementedSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP APIProprietary protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Python
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersyesyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashFixed-grid hypercubesSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supported
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsReal-time block device replication (DRBD)none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoMVCCACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesno

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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerPostgres-XLPostgreSQLSpaceTimeSphinx
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