DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. RavenDB vs. SpaceTime vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. RavenDB vs. SpaceTime vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.60
Rank	#246	Overall
	#39	Document stores

Score	2.84
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	0.03
Rank	#392	Overall
	#8	Spatial DBMS

Score	4.25
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Website

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.percona.com/mongodb/software/percona-server-for-mongodb

ravendb.net

www.mireo.com/spacetime

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.percona.com/percona-distribution-for-mongodb

ravendb.net/docs

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

Microsoft

Percona

Hibernating Rhinos

Mireo

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

1989

2015

2010

2020

2016

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.4.10-2.10, November 2017

5.4, July 2022

8.1.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL Version 2

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

C++

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

Linux

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (RQL)

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

proprietary protocol using JSON

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Fixed-grid hypercubes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

via In-Memory Engine

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Authorization levels configured per client per database

yes

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Competitive advantages

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more

Typical application scenarios

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more

Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.