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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analyticsScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS infocolumn-orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.56
Rank#106  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#202  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.htmlvitess.io
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP, formerly SybaseThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19942013
Current release16.4, August 202416.1 SPS04, April 201915.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++CGo
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ MultiplexerSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSAP/Sybase Replication ServerMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoHadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQVitess
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