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DBMS > Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. mSQL vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Spark SQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. mSQL vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Spark SQL vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServermSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasehughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)Apache Software Foundation8Kdata
Initial release20101994198420142016
Current releaseV124.4, October 20217.4.1.1, 20213.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CScalaJava
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
HP Open VMSLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLnono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with always 3 replicas availablenonenoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoyes, on a single nodenono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesnoyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzuremSQL infoMini SQLOracle RdbSpark SQLToroDB
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