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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. STSdb vs. Vertica vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. STSdb vs. Vertica vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing methodCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value storeRelational DBMS infoColumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#360  Overall
#52  Key-value stores
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4www.vertica.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorervertica.com/­documentationdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperMicrosoftSTS Soft SCOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett PackardOpenLink Software
Initial release2019201120051998
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases4.0.8, September 201512.0.3, January 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license availablecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containersno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC#C++C
Server operating systemshostedWindowsLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.yes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)yesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexednoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.yes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client APIADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differencesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes, called Custom Alertsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono infoBi-directional Spark integrationyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hashFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerSTSdbVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™Virtuoso
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerSTSdbVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™Virtuoso
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