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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SQLite vs. STSdb vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SQLite vs. STSdb vs. VelocityDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing methodA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score103.35
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#365  Overall
#54  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Graph DBMS
#21  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sqlite.orggithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4velocitydb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmlvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperMicrosoftDwayne Richard HippSTS Soft SCVelocityDB Inc
Initial release2019200020112011
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases3.46.1  (13 August 2024), August 20244.0.8, September 20157.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoPublic DomainOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC#C#
Server operating systemshostedserver-lessWindowsAny that supports .NET
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infodynamic column typesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportednono
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
.NET Client API.Net
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
C#
Java
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnonono
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnoCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infovia file-system locksyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnonoBased on Windows Authentication

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerSQLiteSTSdbVelocityDB
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Recent citations in the news

We’re retiring Azure Time Series Insights on 7 July 2024 – transition to Azure Data Explorer
31 May 2024, Microsoft

Update records in a Kusto Database (public preview)
20 February 2024, Microsoft

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5 February 2024, Microsoft

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27 May 2024, Microsoft

General availability: Azure Data Explorer adds new geospatial capabilities
23 January 2024, Microsoft

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